Danish

Code ISO 639-3: dan

Classification: Indo-European > Classical Indo-European > Germanic > Northwest Germanic > North Germanic > South Scandinavian > Danish

Indice de vitalité: not endangered (AES level: 1) (réf. David M. Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig 2022)

Indice de documentation: Grammar with more than 300 pages (MED level: 0) (réf. Allan, Robin and Holmes, Philip and Lundskær-Nielsen, Tom 1995)

Ressources dans l'entrepôt

Propriétés (phonologiques, grammaticales, lexicales) de cette langue trouvées dans WALS

• Lexicon:Finger and Hand = "Different" (réf. Staff of Editions Berlitz 1974 )
• Lexicon:Hand and Arm = "Different" (réf. Staff of Editions Berlitz 1974 )
• Lexicon:Numeral Bases = "Hybrid vigesimal-decimal" (réf. Allan et al. 1995 )
• Lexicon:Tea = "Words derived from Min Nan Chinese te"
• Morphology:Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology = "Strongly suffixing" (réf. Koefoed 1958, Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Nominal Categories:Coding of Nominal Plurality = "Plural suffix" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Nominal Categories:Comitatives and Instrumentals = "Identity" (réf. Nielsen 1975 )
• Nominal Categories:Definite Articles = "Definite affix" (réf. Koefoed 1958, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Nominal Categories:Indefinite Articles = "Indefinite word distinct from 'one'" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Nominal Categories:Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns = "Identical" (réf. Glyn and Gade 1981 )
• Nominal Categories:Ordinal Numerals = "First, second, three-th" (réf. Nielsen 1975 )
• Nominal Categories:Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns = "Binary politeness distinction" (réf. Diderichsen 1979 )
• Nominal Categories:Position of Case Affixes = "Case suffixes" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Nominal Categories:Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes = "No possessive affixes" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Other:Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks = "Affective meanings"
• Phonology:Fixed Stress Locations = "No fixed stress" (réf. Rischel 1982, Rischel 1972, Rischel 1970 )
• Phonology:Weight Factors in Weight-Sensitive Stress Systems = "Long vowel or coda consonant" (réf. Rischel 1982, Rischel 1972, Rischel 1970 )
• Phonology:Weight-Sensitive Stress = "Combined: Right-edge and unbounded" (réf. Rischel 1982, Rischel 1972, Rischel 1970 )
• Simple Clauses:Expression of Pronominal Subjects = "Obligatory pronouns in subject position" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Simple Clauses:Negative Morphemes = "Negative particle" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Simple Clauses:Polar Questions = "Interrogative word order" (réf. Koefoed 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Verbal Categories:Epistemic Possibility = "Verbal constructions" (réf. Allan et al. 1995 )
• Verbal Categories:Imperative-Hortative Systems = "Neither type of system"
• Verbal Categories:Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking = "Overlap for both possibility and necessity" (réf. Allan et al. 1995 )
• Verbal Categories:Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes = "Tense-aspect suffixes" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Verbal Categories:Situational Possibility = "Verbal constructions" (réf. Allan et al. 1995 )
• Verbal Categories:The Morphological Imperative = "Second person number-neutral" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Haberland 1994 )
• Verbal Categories:The Optative = "Inflectional optative absent" (réf. Allan et al. 1995 )
• Verbal Categories:The Prohibitive = "Normal imperative + normal negative"
• Word Order:Minor morphological means of signaling negation = "None" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Multiple Negative Constructions in SVO Languages = "SNegVO/SVNegO" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:NegSVO Order = "No NegSVO" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Order of Adjective and Noun = "Adjective-Noun" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Koefoed 1958, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "Prepositions" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958, Koefoed 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause = "Initial subordinator word" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Order of Degree Word and Adjective = "Degree word-Adjective" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Demonstrative and Noun = "Demonstrative-Noun" (réf. Koefoed 1958, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Genitive and Noun = "Genitive-Noun" (réf. Koefoed 1958, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb = "Type 1 / Type 2" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Order of Numeral and Noun = "Numeral-Noun" (réf. Koefoed 1958, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Object and Verb = "VO" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb = "VOX" (réf. Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "Noun-Relative clause" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Order of Subject and Verb = "SV" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Order of Subject, Object and Verb = "SVO" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions = "Initial interrogative phrase" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb = "More than one position" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Position of Polar Question Particles = "No question particle" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Koefoed 1958 )
• Word Order:Postnominal relative clauses = "Noun-Relative clause (NRel) dominant" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )
• Word Order:Postverbal Negative Morphemes = "VNeg" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Preverbal Negative Morphemes = "NegV" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun = "VO and AdjN"
• Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "VO and Prepositions"
• Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "VO and NRel"
• Word Order:SNegVO Order = "Word&NoDoubleNeg" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:SVNegO Order = "Word&NoDoubleNeg" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:SVONeg Order = "No SVONeg" (réf. Bredsdorff 1958, Allan et al. 1995 )
• Word Order:The Position of Negative Morphemes in SVO Languages = "More than one construction" (réf. Allan et al. 1995, Bredsdorff 1958 )

Pour plus de précisions voir sur WALS (World Atlas of Language Structures), Cf. http://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_dsh

Inventaires de phonèmes de cette langue trouvés dans PHOIBLE

• Danish (ea 2265) (26 segments)
  a , e , f , h , i , j , k , kʰ , l , m , n , o , p , pʰ , s , t , tsʰ , u , y , ø , œ , ɔ , ə , ɛ , ʁ , ʋ
• Danish (uz 2167) (69 segments)
  a , b̥ , b̥ʰ , d̥ , d̥z̥ , e , eu̯ , eʌ̯ , f , h , i , iu̯ , iʌ̯ , i̯a , i̯e , i̯o , i̯u , i̯y , i̯æ , i̯ø , i̯œ , i̯œ̞ , i̯ɑ , i̯ɒ , i̯ɔ , i̯ɛ , i̯ʌ , j , l , m , n , o , oʌ̯ , r , s , u , ui̯ , uʌ̯ , w , y , yu̯ , yʌ̯ , æ , æu̯ , æʌ̯ , ð̞ , ø , øu̯ , øʌ̯ , ŋ , œ , œi̯ , œu̯ , œ̞ , œ̞ʌ̯ , ɑ , ɑi̯ , ɑu̯ , ɒ , ɒu̯ , ɔ , ɕ , ɛ , ɛu̯ , ɡ̊ , ɡ̊ʰ , ʁ̞ , ʋ , ʌ

Références bibliographiques sur cette langue trouvées dans Glottolog

• Allan, Robin and Holmes, Philip and Lundskær-Nielsen, Tom. 1995. Danish: a comprehensive grammar. London, New York: London: Routledge. ix+628pp. (auf Einband : Routledge Grammars). (cf. référence complète)
• Basbøll, Hans. 2005. The phonology of Danish. (Phonology of the world's languages.) Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. 448pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Bredsdorff, Elias. 1958. Danish: An Elementary Grammar and Reader. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (cf. référence complète)
• Bredsdorff, Elias. 1965. Danish: An Elementary Grammar and Reader. 2nd edn. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. xi+301pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Bredwa-Mensah, Yaw. 2008. Slavery and resistence on nineteenth century Danish plantations in south-eastern Gold Coast, Ghana. African study monographs 29. 133-145. (cf. référence complète)
• Diderichsen, Paul. 1979. Essentials of Danish grammar. Copenhagen: Akademisk Forl. (cf. référence complète)
• Engberg-Pedersen, Elisabeth (ed.) 1996. Content, expression and structure: studies in Danish functional grammar. (Studies in Language Companion Series, 29.) Amsterdam: Benjamins. xvi+510pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Erik Eriksen Pontoppidan. 1668. Grammatica Danica. Hauniae: Christiani Veringii. 542pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Erteschik-Shir, Nomi. 1973. On the nature of island constraints. In Erteschik-Shir, Nomi (ed.) Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology. (cf. référence complète)
• Glyn Jones, W. and Kirsten Gade. 1981. Danish: A Grammar. Copenhagen: Nordisk Forlag. (cf. référence complète)
• Green-Pedersen, Sv.E. 1971. The scope and structure of the Danish Negro slave trade. Scandinavian economic history review 19. (cf. référence complète)
• Haberland, Hartmut. 1994. Danish. In Ekkehard König and Johan van der Auwera (eds.), The Germanic Languages, 313-348. London-New York: Routledge. (cf. référence complète)
• Herslund, Michael. 2002. Danish. (Languages of the World : Materials, 382.) München: Lincom Europa. 120pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Johannes Brøndum-Nielsen. 1928-1974. Gammeldansk Grammatik: i sproghistorisk fremstilling. Copenhagen: Schultz. 498+465+ii+312+302+553+306+485+417pp. (8 vols.) (cf. référence complète)
• Karin Beijering. 2007. The role of phonetic and lexical distances in the intelligibility and perception of Scandinavian language varieties for speakers of standard Danish. (MA thesis, University of Groningen; 117pp.) (cf. référence complète)
• Kea, Ray A. 1967. Ashanti-Danish relations: 1780-1831. (cf. référence complète)
• Kea, Ray A. 1975. Trade, state formation and warfare on the Gold Coast, 1600-1826. (cf. référence complète)
• Kea, Ray A. 1982. Settlements, trade and politics in the seventeenth-century Gold Coast. (Studies in Atlantic history and cultur, udies in Atlantic history and culture.) Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Univ. Press. (cf. référence complète)
• Koefoed, H.A. 1958. Danish. Teach Yourself Books. New York: David McKay. (cf. référence complète)
• König, Ekkehard and van der Auwera, Johan. 1994. The Germanic Languages. (Routledge language family descriptions.) In König, Ekkehard and Johan van der Auwera (eds.) London/New York: Routledge. xv+631pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Larsen, Iver Arendal. 1972. Automatiske klassifikationsmetoder. (MA thesis, Aarhus University; 44pp.) (cf. référence complète)
• Nielsen, Calmar. 1975. Kurzgefaßte dänische Grammatik. Flenzburg: Skandia. (cf. référence complète)
• Nørregård, Georg. 1954. De danske etablissementer paa Guineakysten = Danish settlements on the Guinea coast. Hassing. (cf. référence complète)
• Nørregård, Georg. 1966. Danish settlements in West Africa, 1658-1850. (African research studie, rican research studies.) Translated from Danish by Sigurd Mammen edn. Boston: Boston Univ. Press; African Studies Center, Boston Univ. (cf. référence complète)
• Pedersen, Inge Lise. 2003. Traditional dialects of Danish and the de-dialectalization 1900-2000. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 159. 9-28. (cf. référence complète)
• Reindorf, Joe. 1980. Scandinavians in Africa: guide to materials relating to Ghana in the Danish National Archives. (Fontes historiae africanae, subsidia bibliographica, 1.) With additional material by P.E. Olsen, and edited by J. Simensen edn. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget. (cf. référence complète)
• Rischel, Jorgen. 1972. Compound Stress in Danish without a Cycle. Aripuc 6. 211-228. (cf. référence complète)
• Rischel, Jorgen. 1982. On Unit Accentuation in Danish - and the Distinction between Deep and Surface Phonology. Aripuc 16. 191-239. (cf. référence complète)
• Sanders, James Robert. 1980. An inventory of microfilms of selected Danish archives (Rigsarkivet-Kobenhaven) concerning West Africa. (cf. référence complète)
• Tom Lundskær-Nielsen and Philip Holmes. 2011. Danish: An Essential Grammar. 2nd edn. London: Routledge. 285pp. (cf. référence complète)
• Valdemar Bennike and Marius Kristensen. 1898-1912. Kort over de danske folkemål. København: Gyldendal. (2 vols). (cf. référence complète)
• n.d. Staff of Editions Berlitz S.A., Lausanne, Switzerland.1974. English-Danish Danish-English Dictionary. Lausanne, Switzerland: Editions Berlitz S. (cf. référence complète)

Seules sont affichées les 100 premières référence. Pour une liste exhaustive sur Glottolog

Autres liens sur cette langue

• Wikipedia: http://wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:dan
• OLAC: http://www.language-archives.org/language/dan
• Glottolog: http://glottolog.org/glottolog?iso=dan
• iso639: http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=dan
• Lexvo: http://www.lexvo.org/page/iso639-3/dan

Informations tirées de Lexvo.org, de dbpedia.org, de WALS, de PHOIBLE, et de Glottolog