Lahu
Code ISO 639-3: lhu
Classification: Sino-Tibetan > Burmo-Qiangic > Lolo-Burmese > Loloish > Lahoid > Lahu
Indice de vitalité: not endangered (AES level: 1) (réf. David M. Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig 2022)
Indice de documentation: Grammar with more than 300 pages (MED level: 0) (réf. James A. Matisoff 1973)
Ressources dans l'entrepôt
Région | Code | Nombre | |
---|---|---|---|
Thailand | TH | 1 |
Propriétés (phonologiques, grammaticales, lexicales) de cette langue trouvées dans WALS
- Morphology:Exponence of Selected Inflectional Formatives = "Monoexponential case" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Morphology:Exponence of Tense-Aspect-Mood Inflection = "monoexponential TAM" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Morphology:Fusion of Selected Inflectional Formatives = "Exclusively isolating" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Morphology:Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology = "Little affixation" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Coding of Nominal Plurality = "Plural suffix" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Comitatives and Instrumentals = "Differentiation" (réf. Stolz 1996 )
- Nominal Categories:Definite Articles = "Demonstrative word used as definite article" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns = "No gender distinctions" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Indefinite Articles = "Indefinite word same as 'one'" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Number of Genders = "None" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Numeral Classifiers = "Obligatory"
- Nominal Categories:Person Marking on Adpositions = "No person marking" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns = "Person stem + nominal plural affix" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Position of Case Affixes = "No case affixes or adpositional clitics" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems = "No gender" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Systems of Gender Assignment = "No gender" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:The Associative Plural = "Associative same as additive plural" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Categories:Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives = "Unrelated" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Nominal Syntax:Noun Phrase Conjunction = "'And' different from 'with'" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Other:Para-Linguistic Usages of Clicks = "Other or none"
- Phonology:Absence of Common Consonants = "All present" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Consonant Inventories = "Moderately large" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Consonant-Vowel Ratio = "Average" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Front Rounded Vowels = "None" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Glottalized Consonants = "No glottalized consonants" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Lateral Consonants = "/l/, no obstruent laterals" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Presence of Uncommon Consonants = "None" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Syllable Structure = "Moderately complex" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:The Velar Nasal = "Initial velar nasal" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Tone = "Complex tone system" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Uvular Consonants = "Uvular stops only" (réf. Matisoff 1973, Matisoff 1988 )
- Phonology:Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems = "None missing in /p t k b d g/" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives = "In both plosives and fricatives" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Phonology:Vowel Quality Inventories = "Large (7-14)" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Alignment of Verbal Person Marking = "Neutral" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Expression of Pronominal Subjects = "Optional pronouns in subject position" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Nominal and Locational Predication = "Different" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions = "Both" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Order of Person Markers on the Verb = "A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Passive Constructions = "Absent" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Periphrastic Causative Constructions = "Purposive but no sequential" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Polar Questions = "Question particle" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Predicative Adjectives = "Verbal encoding" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Predicative Possession = "Topic" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation = "A/Cat" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation = "Both" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking = "No person marking" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Verbal Person Marking = "No person marking" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Simple Clauses:Zero Copula for Predicate Nominals = "Possible" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Verbal Categories:Coding of Evidentiality = "Separate particle" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Verbal Categories:Perfective/Imperfective Aspect = "No grammatical marking" (réf. Bybee et al. 1994 )
- Verbal Categories:Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality = "Indirect only" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Verbal Categories:The Future Tense = "No inflectional future" (réf. Bybee et al. 1994 )
- Verbal Categories:The Optative = "Inflectional optative absent" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Verbal Categories:The Past Tense = "No past tense" (réf. Bybee et al. 1994 )
- Verbal Categories:The Perfect = "Other perfect" (réf. Bybee et al. 1994 )
- Word Order:Minor morphological means of signaling negation = "None" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:NegSOV Order = "No NegSOV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Adjective and Noun = "No dominant order" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "Postpositions" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause = "Final subordinator word" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Degree Word and Adjective = "Adjective-Degree word" (réf. Matisoff 1988, Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Demonstrative and Noun = "Noun-Demonstrative" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Genitive and Noun = "Genitive-Noun" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb = "NegV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Numeral and Noun = "Noun-Numeral" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Object and Verb = "OV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "Relative clause-Noun" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Subject and Verb = "SV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Order of Subject, Object and Verb = "SOV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions = "Not initial interrogative phrase" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb = "SONegV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Position of Polar Question Particles = "Final" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Position of negative words relative to beginning and end of clause and with respect to adjacency to verb = "Immed preverbal" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Postverbal Negative Morphemes = "None" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Prenominal relative clauses = "Relative clause-Noun (RelN) dominant" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Preverbal Negative Morphemes = "NegV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun = "Other"
- Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "OV and Postpositions"
- Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "OV and RelN"
- Word Order:SNegOV Order = "No SNegOV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:SONegV Order = "Word&NoDoubleNeg" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:SOVNeg Order = "NoSOVNeg" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
- Word Order:The Position of Negative Morphemes in SOV Languages = "SONegV" (réf. Matisoff 1973 )
Pour plus de précisions voir sur WALS (World Atlas of Language Structures), Cf. http://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_lah
Inventaires de phonèmes de cette langue trouvés dans PHOIBLE
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LAHU (upsid 443) (35 segments) a , b , d̠ʒ , d̪|d , e , e̞ , f , h , i , j , k , kʰ , l̪|l , m , n̪|n , o , p , pʰ , q , qʰ , t̠ʃ , t̠ʃʰ , t̪|t , t̪ʰ|tʰ , u , v , w , ŋ , ɔ , ɘ , ɡ , ɣ , ɨ , ʃ , ʔ
-
Lahu (ea 2319) (46 segments) a , ai̯ , au̯ , b , d , d̠ʒ , e , f , i , ii̯ , j , k , kʰ , l , m , n , o , p , pʰ , q , qʰ , t , tʰ , t̠ʃ , t̠ʃʰ , u , ue , u̯a , u̯e , u̯i , u̯ɛ , v , x , ŋ , ɔ , ɔu̯ , ə , əi̯ , əu̯ , ɛ , ɡ , ɣ , ɨ , ɨi̯ , ɨɛ , ʃ
-
Lahu (spa 23) (40 segments) a , b , d , d̠ʒ , e , e̞ , f , h , i , j , k , kʰ , l , m , n , o , p , pʰ , q , qʰ , t , tʰ , t̠ʃ , t̠ʃʰ , u , v , w , ŋ , ɔ , ɘ , ɡ , ɣ , ɨ , ʃ , ʔ , ˥˦ , ˧ , ˧˦ , ˧˨ , ˩
Références bibliographiques sur cette langue trouvées dans Glottolog
- Bradley, David. 1997. What did they eat? Grain crops of the Burmic groups. The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal 27. 161-170. (cf. référence complète)
- Chang Hong'en. 1984. Lāhù yǔ gàikuàng [Overview of Lahu]. Minzu Yuwen 1984. 70-80. (cf. référence complète)
- Chang Hong'en. 1986. Lahuyu Jianzhi [A brief description of the Lahu language]. Beijing: Nationalities Press. 2+138pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Damian Satterthwaite-Phillips. 2011. Phylogenetic inference of the Tibeto-Burman languages or On the usefulness of lexicostatistics (and "Megalo"-comparison) for the subgrouping of Tibeto-Burman. (Doctoral dissertation, Stanford University; 285pp.) (cf. référence complète)
- David Bradley. 1975. Lahu Dialects and proto-Loloish. (Doctoral dissertation, University of London; 538pp.) (cf. référence complète)
- David Bradley. 1979. Lahu Dialects. (Oriental Monograph, 23.) Canberra: Australian National University Press. ix+295pp. (Publication of Lahu dialects and proto-Loloish, PhD SOAS 1975.) (cf. référence complète)
- David Bradley. 2008. Hill tribes phrasebook. 3rd edn. Lonely Planet. 170pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Eric B. Drewry. 2016. A Grammar Research Guide for Ngwi Languages. (SIL Language and Culture Documentation and Description, 33.) Dallas, Texas: SIL International. 113pp. (cf. référence complète)
- George J. Scott and J. P. Hardiman. 1900. Ethnology with vocabularies. In Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States, 475-727. Rangoon: Superintendent of Government Printing of Burma. (cf. référence complète)
- Heh, Sa Mollay Kya. 2008. A sociolinguistic comparison of Lahu Aga with Lahu Na. (MA thesis, Chiang Mai: Payap University; 171pp.) (cf. référence complète)
- Huang, Bufan. 1992. Zàngmiǎn yǔzú yǔyán cíhuì [A Tibeto-Burman Lexicon]. Beijing: Zhōngyāng Mínzú Dàxué Chubanshe. 739pp. (cf. référence complète)
- J. H. Telford. 1938. Handbook of the Lahu (Muhso) Language and English-Lahu Dictionary. Rangoon, Burma: Superintendent of Government Printing and Stationery. (cf. référence complète)
- James A. Matisoff. 1973. The Grammar of Lahu. (University of California Publications in Linguistics, 75.) Berkeley, Los Angeles London: Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. li+673pp. (cf. référence complète)
- James A. Matisoff. 2003. Lahu. In Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 208-221. London & New York: Routledge. (cf. référence complète)
- James A. Matisoff. 2017. Lahu. In Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 918-931. 2nd edn. London & New York: Routledge. (cf. référence complète)
- Jerold A. Edmondson. 2005. The Central and Southern Loloish languages of Vietnam. Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on Tibeto-Burman and Southeast Asian Linguistics 28. 1-13. (cf. référence complète)
- Joachim Schliesinger. 1998. Hill tribes of Vietnam: Volume 2 - Profiles of Existing Hill Tribe Groups. White Lotus Press. xii+132pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Joachim Schliesinger. 2003. Profiles of Sino-Tibetan-Speaking Peoples. (Ethnic Groups of Laos, 4.) White Lotus Press. xx+273pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Ju Namkung. 1996. Phonological Inventories of Tibeto-Burman Languages. (STEDT Monograph Series, 3.) In Ju Namkung (ed.) Berkeley: Center for Southeast Asia Studies. xxvii+507pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Lama, Ziwo Qiu-Fuyuan. 2012. Subgrouping Of Nisoic (Yi) Languages: A Study From The Perspectives Of Shared Innovation And Phylogenetic Estimation. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Texas at Arlington; 399pp.) (cf. référence complète)
- Lefèvre-Pontalis, Pierre. 1892, 1896, 1896. Notes sur quelques populations du nord de l'Indo-Chine [Notes on some populations of northern Indo-China]. Journal Asiatique 19, 8, 8. 237-269, 129-154, 291-303. (cf. référence complète)
- Lǐ, Chūnfēng. 2014. Bāngduǒ lāhù yǔ cānkǎo yǔfǎ [Reference grammar of Bangduo Lahu]. Beijing: Zhongguo shehui kexue chubanshe. 3+4+6+528pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Matisoff, James A. 1975. A new Lahu simplex/causative pair: “study/train”. LTBA 2. 151-154. (cf. référence complète)
- Matisoff, James A. 1988. The dictionary of Lahu. (University of California Publications in Linguistics, 111.) Berkeley: University of California Press. xxv+1436pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Matisoff, James A. 1992. The Lahu people and their language. In Judy Lewis (ed.), Minority Cultures of Laos, 125-247. Southeast Asia Community Resource Center, Folsom Cordova Unified School District (Rancho Cordova, CA), in consultation with the California State Department of Education Bilingual Education Office. (cf. référence complète)
- Matisoff, James A. 2003. Lahu - Introduction, Phonology, Lahu vocabulary and word formation, Clause structure, Form classes, Argument-verb relations, The noun phrase, The verb phrase, Nominalization and relativization. In Thurgood, G. and LaPolla R. (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 208-221. London [u.a.]: Routledge. (cf. référence complète)
- Matisoff, James A. 2006. English-Lahu lexicon. (University of California publications in linguistics, 139.) In Matisoff, James A. (ed.) Berkeley [u.a.]: Berkeley: University of California Press. xxxvi+472pp. (English and Lahu). (cf. référence complète)
- Matisoff, James Alan. 1967. A Grammar of the Lahu Language. (Doctoral dissertation, University of California at Berkeley). (cf. référence complète)
- Ninton and Nichols and Ohala (eds.) 1994. Tone, intonation, and sound symbolism in Lahu: loading the syllable canon. In Ninton and Nichols and Ohala (eds.), Sound symbolism. (cf. référence complète)
- Phạm Huy. 1997. Môt phân chân dung: dân tôc La Hu (nhât ký dièn dã) [A portrait of the La Hu ethnic group (fieldwork report)]. Lai Châu: So Văn Hóa Thông Tin Lai Châu. 84pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Prachakitchakonrachak, Phraya and Thomas, David D. and Sophana Srichampa. 1995 [1919]. Some languages of Siam. Bangkok: Institute of Language and Culture for Rural Development, Mahidol University. 8+316pp. (Original title: Wa Duay Phaasaa Taang Taang Nai Sayaam Pratheet). (cf. référence complète)
- Sun, Hongkai. 1991. ZangMianyu yuyin he cihui. Zhongguo Shehui Kexue Chubanshe. 1436pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Terrien de Lacouperie. 1888. Les langues de la Chine avant les chinoises. Paris: Ernest Leroux. 228pp. (cf. référence complète)
Seules sont affichées les 100 premières référence. Pour une liste exhaustive sur Glottolog
Autres liens sur cette langue
- Wikipedia: http://wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:lhu
- OLAC: http://www.language-archives.org/language/lhu
- Glottolog: http://glottolog.org/glottolog?iso=lhu
- iso639: http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=lhu
- Lexvo: http://www.lexvo.org/page/iso639-3/lhu
Informations tirées de Lexvo.org, de dbpedia.org, de WALS, de PHOIBLE, et de Glottolog