Koyraboro Senni Songhai
Code ISO 639-3: ses
Classification: Songhay > Eastern Songhay > Koyraboro Senni Songhai
Indice de vitalité: not endangered (AES level: 1) (réf. David M. Eberhard and Gary F. Simons and Charles D. Fennig 2022)
Indice de documentation: Grammar with more than 300 pages (MED level: 0) (réf. Heath, Jeffrey 1999)
Ressources dans l'entrepôt
Région | Code | Nombre | |
---|---|---|---|
France | FR | 1 |
Propriétés (phonologiques, grammaticales, lexicales) de cette langue trouvées dans WALS
- Complex Sentences:'Want' Complement Subjects = "Subject is expressed overtly" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Complex Sentences:Relativization on Obliques = "Gap" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Complex Sentences:Relativization on Subjects = "Gap" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Lexicon:M in First Person Singular = "No m in first person singular" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Lexicon:M in Second Person Singular = "No m in second person singular" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Lexicon:M-T Pronouns = "No M-T pronouns" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Lexicon:N-M Pronouns = "No N-M pronouns" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Lexicon:Numeral Bases = "Decimal" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Lexicon:Tea = "Others" (réf. Malherbe and Rosenberg 1996 )
- Morphology:Case Syncretism = "No case marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Morphology:Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology = "Little affixation" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Morphology:Syncretism in Verbal Person/Number Marking = "No subject person/number marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Asymmetrical Case-Marking = "Additive-quantitatively asymmetrical" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Coding of Nominal Plurality = "Plural clitic" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Nominal Categories:Definite Articles = "Definite word distinct from demonstrative" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Nominal Categories:Distance Contrasts in Demonstratives = "No distance contrast" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Gender Distinctions in Independent Personal Pronouns = "No gender distinctions" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Independent Pronouns = "No inclusive/exclusive" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Inclusive/Exclusive Distinction in Verbal Inflection = "No person marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Indefinite Articles = "No indefinite, but definite article" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Nominal Categories:Indefinite Pronouns = "Generic-noun-based" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Intensifiers and Reflexive Pronouns = "Differentiated" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Number of Cases = "No morphological case-marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Number of Genders = "None" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Ordinal Numerals = "First/one-th, two-th, three-th" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Person Marking on Adpositions = "No person marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Plurality in Independent Personal Pronouns = "Person-number stem" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Politeness Distinctions in Pronouns = "No politeness distinction" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Position of Case Affixes = "No case affixes or adpositional clitics" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Nominal Categories:Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes = "No possessive affixes" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Nominal Categories:Pronominal and Adnominal Demonstratives = "Identical" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Sex-based and Non-sex-based Gender Systems = "No gender" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Systems of Gender Assignment = "No gender" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:The Associative Plural = "Associative same as additive plural" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Categories:Third Person Pronouns and Demonstratives = "Unrelated" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Syntax:Action Nominal Constructions = "Restricted" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Nominal Syntax:Nominal and Verbal Conjunction = "Differentiation" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Phonology:Absence of Common Consonants = "All present" (réf. Prost 1956, Williamson 1967 )
- Phonology:Consonant Inventories = "Moderately small" (réf. Prost 1956, Williamson 1967 )
- Phonology:Consonant-Vowel Ratio = "Average" (réf. Prost 1956, Williamson 1967 )
- Phonology:Front Rounded Vowels = "None" (réf. Williamson 1967, Prost 1956 )
- Phonology:Glottalized Consonants = "No glottalized consonants" (réf. Williamson 1967, Prost 1956 )
- Phonology:Lateral Consonants = "/l/, no obstruent laterals" (réf. Prost 1956, Williamson 1967 )
- Phonology:Presence of Uncommon Consonants = "None" (réf. Prost 1956, Williamson 1967 )
- Phonology:The Velar Nasal = "Initial velar nasal" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Phonology:Uvular Consonants = "None" (réf. Williamson 1967, Prost 1956 )
- Phonology:Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems = "Missing /p/" (réf. Williamson 1967, Prost 1956 )
- Phonology:Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives = "In plosives alone" (réf. Williamson 1967, Prost 1956 )
- Phonology:Vowel Quality Inventories = "Average (5-6)" (réf. Williamson 1967, Prost 1956 )
- Simple Clauses:Alignment of Case Marking of Full Noun Phrases = "Neutral" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Alignment of Case Marking of Pronouns = "Neutral" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Alignment of Verbal Person Marking = "Neutral" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Antipassive Constructions = "Implicit patient" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Applicative Constructions = "Non-benefactive object; both bases" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' = "Mixed" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Expression of Pronominal Subjects = "Obligatory pronouns in subject position" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation = "Predicate negation also present" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Negative Morphemes = "Negative particle" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Simple Clauses:Nonperiphrastic Causative Constructions = "Both" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Order of Person Markers on the Verb = "A and P do not or do not both occur on the verb" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Other Roles of Applied Objects = "Instrument"
- Simple Clauses:Passive Constructions = "Present" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Periphrastic Causative Constructions = "Both" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Polar Questions = "Question particle" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Simple Clauses:Productivity of the Antipassive Construction = "productive" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Reciprocal Constructions = "Distinct from reflexive" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Subtypes of Asymmetric Standard Negation = "A/Cat" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Symmetric and Asymmetric Standard Negation = "Both" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Third Person Zero of Verbal Person Marking = "No person marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Simple Clauses:Verbal Person Marking = "No person marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Coding of Evidentiality = "No grammatical evidentials" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Imperative-Hortative Systems = "Both types of system" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Verbal Categories:Overlap between Situational and Epistemic Modal Marking = "Overlap for either possibility or necessity" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Perfective/Imperfective Aspect = "Grammatical marking" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes = "No tense-aspect inflection" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Verbal Categories:Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality = "No grammatical evidentials" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Situational Possibility = "Verbal constructions" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Suppletion According to Tense and Aspect = "None" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Suppletion in Imperatives and Hortatives = "Imperative"
- Verbal Categories:The Future Tense = "No inflectional future" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:The Morphological Imperative = "Second singular and second plural" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:The Optative = "Inflectional optative absent" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:The Past Tense = "No past tense" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:The Perfect = "No perfect" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:The Prohibitive = "Special imperative + special negative" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Verbal Categories:Verbal Number and Suppletion = "None" (réf. Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Minor morphological means of signaling negation = "None" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:NegSOV Order = "No NegSOV" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:Order of Adjective and Noun = "Noun-Adjective" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "Postpositions" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause = "Initial subordinator word" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:Order of Demonstrative and Noun = "Noun-Demonstrative" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Genitive and Noun = "Genitive-Noun" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb = "NegV" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Numeral and Noun = "Noun-Numeral" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Object and Verb = "OV" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Object, Oblique, and Verb = "OVX" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "Noun-Relative clause" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Subject and Verb = "SV" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Order of Subject, Object and Verb = "SOV" (réf. Heath 1999a, Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions = "Initial interrogative phrase" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb = "SNegOV" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:Position of Polar Question Particles = "In either of two positions" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Position of negative words relative to beginning and end of clause and with respect to adjacency to verb = "Preverbal, not beginning or immed" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:Postnominal relative clauses = "Noun-Relative clause (NRel) dominant" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Postverbal Negative Morphemes = "None" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Preverbal Negative Morphemes = "NegV" (réf. Prost 1956, Heath 1999a )
- Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun = "OV and NAdj"
- Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "OV and Postpositions"
- Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "OV and NRel"
- Word Order:SNegOV Order = "NoDoubleNeg" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:SONegV Order = "No SONegV" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:SOVNeg Order = "NoSOVNeg" (réf. Prost 1956 )
- Word Order:The Position of Negative Morphemes in SOV Languages = "SNegOV" (réf. Prost 1956 )
Pour plus de précisions voir sur WALS (World Atlas of Language Structures), Cf. http://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_kse
Inventaires de phonèmes de cette langue trouvés dans PHOIBLE
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SONGHAI (upsid 539) (24 segments) R , a , ã , b , d , e̞ , ẽ̞ , f , i , j , k , l , m , n , o , õ , s , t , u , ũ , w , z , ŋ , ɡ
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Songhai (spa 149) (48 segments) a , aː , ã , b , bː , d , dʲ , dː , e , ẽ , e̞ː , f , h , i , iː , j , jː , k , kː , l , lː , m , mː , n , nː , o , oː , õ , p , pː , r , rː , s , t , tʲ , tː , u , uː , ũ , w , z , ŋ , ɛ , ɡ , ɡː , ɲ , ʃ , ʒ
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Songhay, Koyraboro Senni (gm 1274) (37 segments) a , aː , ã , b , d , d̠ʒ , e , eː , ẽ , f , h , i , iː , ĩ , j , k , l , m , n , o , oː , õ , p , r , s , t , t̠ʃ , u , uː , w , z , ŋ , ɡ , ɲ , ʃ , ʒ , ʔ
Références bibliographiques sur cette langue trouvées dans Glottolog
- Beraud-Villars, J. 1942. L'empire de Gao: un état soudanais at XVe et XVIe siècles. Paris: Libr. Plon. (cf. référence complète)
- Christiansen, Niels and Christiansen, Regula. 2002. Some verb morphology features of Tadaksahak or Berber or Songhay, this is the question. SIL Electronic Working Papers 2002-005. 14. SIL International. (cf. référence complète)
- Diallo, H.S. 1979. Les substitutifs sonray dans le dialecte de Gao. (cf. référence complète)
- Heath, Jeffrey. 1998. Dictionnaire songhay - anglais - français. (Langues d'Afrique, 4 - 6.) Paris: L'Harmattan. (cf. référence complète)
- Heath, Jeffrey. 1998. Koroboro Senni. (Dictionnaire songhay-anglais-français, III.) In Heath, Jeffrey (ed.) Langues d'Afrique. Köln: Paris: L'Harmattan. 344pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Heath, Jeffrey. 1998. Texts in Koyra Chinii: Songhay of Timbuktu, Mali. (Wortkunst und Dokumentartexte in Afrikanischen Sprachen, 5.) Köln: Köppe. 389pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Heath, Jeffrey. 1999. A Grammar of Koyraboro (Koroboro) Senni: The Songhay of Gao, Mali. (Westafrikanische Studien, 19.) Köln: Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe. xiv+402pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Hutchinson, John P. 1971. Coreferent pronominalization in Diré Songhai. Studies in African Linguistics 2. 83-104. (cf. référence complète)
- Jacquemond, M. S. 1959. Les pêcheurs du boucle du Niger. (cf. référence complète)
- Lange, Dierk. 1994. From Mande to Songhay: towards a political and ethnic history of medieval Gao. Journal of African history 38. 275-301. (cf. référence complète)
- Mamadou Sarr. 1973. Le Songhoy. Études Maliennes 4. 1-74. (cf. référence complète)
- Miner, H. 1953. The Primitive City of Timbuctoo. (rev. ed. 1965). (cf. référence complète)
- Mukarovsky, Hans G. 1989. Songhai - eine tschadische Sprache?. Frankfurter Afrikanistische Bl"atter 1. 15-29. (cf. référence complète)
- Nicolai, Robert. 1978. Sur le songhay oriental. Annales de l'Université de Niamey 2. 207-233. (cf. référence complète)
- Nicolaí, Robert. 1990. Parentés linguistiques: à propos du songhay. (Collection sciences du langage.) Paris: CNRS. 209pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Nicolaï, Robert and Zima, Petr. 1997. Songhay. (Languages of the world: materials, 116.) München: Lincom Europa. 62pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Nicolaï, Robert. 1982. Problemes de dynamique linguistique: recherches en prosodie songhay. Studies in African Linguistics 13. 273-324. (cf. référence complète)
- Nicolaï, Robert. 1984. Préliminaires à une étude sur l'Origine du Songhay (Matériaux, Problématique et Hypothèses). (Marburger Studien zur Afrika- und Asienkunde: Serie A: Afrika, 37.) Berlin: Dietrich Reimer. 163pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Prost, A. 1970. Statut du la femme Songhay. Bulletin de l'Institut fondamental de l'Afrique noire 32. 486-517. (cf. référence complète)
- Prost, André. 1954. Notes sur les songhay. Bulletin de l'IFAN (Inst. Français de l'Afrique Noire), série B: sciences humaines 16. 167-213. (cf. référence complète)
- Prost, André. 1956. La Langue Soṅay et ses dialectes. (Mémoires de l'Institut Français d'Afrique Noire, 47.) Dakar: IFAN. 627pp. (Introduction.--Grammaire.--Textes.--Dictionnaire sonay-français.--Lexique français-sonay.--Appendice: mots sonay passés en mossi). (cf. référence complète)
- Raffenel, Anne-Jean-Baptiste. 1856. Linguistique: Langue Arama. In Nouveau voyage au pays des Nègres suivi d'études sur la colonie du Sénégal et de documents historiques, géographiques et scientifiques, 399-427. Paris: Librairie Centrale de Napoléon Chaix et Cie. (cf. référence complète)
- Rouch, J. 1960. La Religion et la Magie Songhay. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. (cf. référence complète)
- Sarr, M. 1973. Le Songhay. Etudes maliennes 4. 1-74. (cf. référence complète)
- Shopen, Tim and Mamadou Konaré. 1970. Sonrai causatives and passives: transformational versus lexical derivations for propositional heads. Studies in African Linguistics 1. 211-254. (cf. référence complète)
- Stauffer, Daniel Ray. 1997. Essential Elements of Songhai Grammar (Mali). Ann Arbor: UMI. (MA thesis, University of Texas at Arlington; 135pp.) (cf. référence complète)
- Traoré, Sididié Oumar. 1976. Lexique Songhoy. Bamako: Institut des Sciences Humaines du Mali. 106pp. (cf. référence complète)
- Voßen, R. et al. (ed.) 2000. Personal pronouns in Songhay. In Voßen, R. et al. (ed.), "Mehr als nur Worte ..." Afrikanistische Beiträge zum 65. Geburtstag von Franz Rottland. (cf. référence complète)
- Williamson, Kay [Ruth] [Margaret]. 1967. Songhai word list (Gao dialect). Research notes from the Dept. of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages, University of Ibadan 1. 1-34. (cf. référence complète)
- Zima, Petr. 1992. Tho role of Songhay for new trends in diachronic linguistics. Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 13. 87-96. (cf. référence complète)
- Zimmerman, D. W. 1966. Dictionnaire Français Sonrai: Dialecte de Gao. No Publisher Stated. 205pp. (cf. référence complète)
Seules sont affichées les 100 premières référence. Pour une liste exhaustive sur Glottolog
Autres liens sur cette langue
- Wikipedia: http://wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_639:ses
- OLAC: http://www.language-archives.org/language/ses
- Glottolog: http://glottolog.org/glottolog?iso=ses
- iso639: http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=ses
- Lexvo: http://www.lexvo.org/page/iso639-3/ses
Informations tirées de Lexvo.org, de dbpedia.org, de WALS, de PHOIBLE, et de Glottolog