Newari

Code ISO 639-3: new

Classification: Sino-Tibetan > Himalayish > Mahakiranti > Newaric > Newar > Kathmandu Valley Newari

Indice de vitalité: shifting (AES level: 3) (réf. Moseley, Christopher 2010)

Indice de documentation: Grammar with more than 300 pages (MED level: 0) (réf. Joshī, Sunder Krishna 1984)

Ressources dans l'entrepôt

Pays ou régions dans lesquelles l'entrepôt dispose d'enregistrements
Région Code Nombre
Nepal NP 1
Rechercher toutes les ressources de l'entrepôt sur cette langue: Newari

Propriétés (phonologiques, grammaticales, lexicales) de cette langue trouvées dans WALS

  • Lexicon:Tea = "Words derived from Sinitic cha" (réf. Malherbe and Rosenberg 1996 )
  • Morphology:Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology = "Weakly suffixing"
  • Morphology:Prefixing vs. Suffixing in Inflectional Morphology = "Strongly suffixing" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Nominal Categories:Coding of Nominal Plurality = "Plural clitic" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Nominal Categories:Coding of Nominal Plurality = "Plural clitic" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Nominal Categories:Comitatives and Instrumentals = "Differentiation" (réf. Genetti 1991 )
  • Nominal Categories:Definite Articles = "Demonstrative word used as definite article"
  • Nominal Categories:Indefinite Articles = "Indefinite word same as 'one'"
  • Nominal Categories:Indefinite Pronouns = "Interrogative-based" (réf. Genetti 1994 )
  • Nominal Categories:Numeral Classifiers = "Obligatory" (réf. Noonan 2003c )
  • Nominal Categories:Occurrence of Nominal Plurality = "Only human nouns, obligatory" (réf. Hargreaves 2003 )
  • Nominal Categories:Position of Case Affixes = "Case suffixes" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Nominal Categories:Position of Case Affixes = "No case affixes or adpositional clitics" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Nominal Categories:Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes = "No possessive affixes"
  • Nominal Categories:Position of Pronominal Possessive Affixes = "No possessive affixes" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Nominal Categories:The Associative Plural = "Associative same as additive plural"
  • Nominal Categories:The Associative Plural = "Associative same as additive plural"
  • Nominal Syntax:Nominal and Verbal Conjunction = "Differentiation" (réf. Genetti 1994 )
  • Phonology:Absence of Common Consonants = "All present" (réf. Hale and Hale 1969, Manandhar 1986 )
  • Phonology:Consonant Inventories = "Average" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Consonant-Vowel Ratio = "Moderately high" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Front Rounded Vowels = "None" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Glottalized Consonants = "No glottalized consonants" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Lateral Consonants = "/l/, no obstruent laterals" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Presence of Uncommon Consonants = "None" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Syllable Structure = "Moderately complex" (réf. Hale and Hale 1969, Manandhar 1986 )
  • Phonology:Tone = "No tones" (réf. Hale and Hale 1969, Manandhar 1986 )
  • Phonology:Uvular Consonants = "None" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Voicing and Gaps in Plosive Systems = "None missing in /p t k b d g/" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Voicing in Plosives and Fricatives = "In plosives alone" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Phonology:Vowel Quality Inventories = "Small (2-4)" (réf. Manandhar 1986, Hale and Hale 1969 )
  • Simple Clauses:Ditransitive Constructions: The Verb 'Give' = "Indirect-object construction" (réf. Genetti 1994 )
  • Simple Clauses:Expression of Pronominal Subjects = "Subject affixes on verb"
  • Simple Clauses:Negative Indefinite Pronouns and Predicate Negation = "Predicate negation also present" (réf. Genetti 1994 )
  • Simple Clauses:Negative Morphemes = "Negative affix" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Simple Clauses:Negative Morphemes = "Negative affix" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Simple Clauses:Polar Questions = "Question particle" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Simple Clauses:Polar Questions = "Question particle" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Verbal Categories:Coding of Evidentiality = "Verbal affix or clitic" (réf. Genetti 1986 )
  • Verbal Categories:Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes = "Tense-aspect suffixes"
  • Verbal Categories:Position of Tense-Aspect Affixes = "Tense-aspect suffixes" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Verbal Categories:Semantic Distinctions of Evidentiality = "Indirect only" (réf. Genetti 1986 )
  • Verbal Categories:The Optative = "Inflectional optative absent" (réf. Korolev 1989 )
  • Word Order:Correlative relative clauses = "Correlative as nondominant type" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Minor morphological means of signaling negation = "None" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Minor morphological means of signaling negation = "NegInfix" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Multiple Negative Constructions in SOV Languages = "SO[Neg-V]/SOVwithNegInfix" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:NegSOV Order = "No NegSOV" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:NegSOV Order = "No NegSOV" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Adjective and Noun = "Adjective-Noun" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Adjective and Noun = "Adjective-Noun" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "Postpositions" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "Postpositions" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause = "Mixed" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Adverbial Subordinator and Clause = "Mixed" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Degree Word and Adjective = "Degree word-Adjective"
  • Word Order:Order of Degree Word and Adjective = "Degree word-Adjective" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Demonstrative and Noun = "Demonstrative-Noun" (réf. Genetti 2003 )
  • Word Order:Order of Demonstrative and Noun = "Demonstrative-Noun" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Genitive and Noun = "Genitive-Noun" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Genitive and Noun = "Genitive-Noun" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb = "[Neg-V]" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Negative Morpheme and Verb = "Type 3 / Negative Infix" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Numeral and Noun = "No dominant order" (réf. Genetti 2003 )
  • Word Order:Order of Numeral and Noun = "Noun-Numeral" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Object and Verb = "OV" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Object and Verb = "OV" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "Relative clause-Noun" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "Relative clause-Noun" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Subject and Verb = "SV" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Subject and Verb = "SV" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Order of Subject, Object and Verb = "SOV" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Order of Subject, Object and Verb = "SOV" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions = "Not initial interrogative phrase"
  • Word Order:Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions = "Not initial interrogative phrase" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb = "MorphNeg" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Position of Negative Word With Respect to Subject, Object, and Verb = "MorphNeg" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Position of Polar Question Particles = "Final" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Position of Polar Question Particles = "Final" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Postverbal Negative Morphemes = "None" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Postverbal Negative Morphemes = "None" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Prenominal relative clauses = "Relative clause-Noun (RelN) dominant" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Prenominal relative clauses = "Relative clause-Noun (RelN) dominant" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Preverbal Negative Morphemes = "[Neg-V]" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:Preverbal Negative Morphemes = "[Neg-V]" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun = "OV and AdjN"
  • Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adjective and Noun = "OV and AdjN"
  • Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "OV and Postpositions"
  • Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Adposition and Noun Phrase = "OV and Postpositions"
  • Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "OV and RelN"
  • Word Order:Relationship between the Order of Object and Verb and the Order of Relative Clause and Noun = "OV and RelN"
  • Word Order:SNegOV Order = "No SNegOV" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:SNegOV Order = "No SNegOV" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:SONegV Order = "Prefix&NoDoubleNeg" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:SONegV Order = "Prefix&NoDoubleNeg" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:SOVNeg Order = "NoSOVNeg" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:SOVNeg Order = "NoSOVNeg" (réf. Genetti 1990 )
  • Word Order:The Position of Negative Morphemes in SOV Languages = "SO[Neg-V]" (réf. Malla 1985 )
  • Word Order:The Position of Negative Morphemes in SOV Languages = "More than one construction" (réf. Genetti 1990 )

Pour plus de précisions voir sur WALS (World Atlas of Language Structures), Cf. http://wals.info/languoid/lect/wals_code_new

Inventaires de phonèmes de cette langue trouvés dans PHOIBLE

  • NEWARI (upsid 489) (32 segments)
    a̟ , ã̟ , b , b̤ , d̪z̪|dz , d̪z̪̤|dz̤ , d̪|d , d̪̤|d̤ , i , ĩ , k , kʰ , l̪|l , l̪̤|l̤ , m , m̤ , n̪|n , n̪̤|n̤ , p , pʰ , s̪|s , t̪s̪|ts , t̪s̪ʰ|tsʰ , t̪|t , t̪ʰ|tʰ , u , ũ , ɡ , ɡ̤ , ɤ̞ , ɤ̞̃ , ɦ

Références bibliographiques sur cette langue trouvées dans Glottolog

  • Alfons K. Weidert. 1984. The Classifier Construction of Newari and its Historical Southeast Asian Background. Kailash - A Journal of Himalayan Studies XI. 185-210. Kailash 11: 33,4:185-210. (cf. référence complète)
  • Brianne J. Smith. 2021. A Sociolinguistic Study of Pyangaun Newar: A Variety of Newar. Journal of Language Survey Reports 2021. i-vii, 1-83. (cf. référence complète)
  • Brianne J. Smith. 2022. A Sociolinguistic Study of Pahari: A Language of Nepal. Journal of Language Survey Reports 2022. i-x, 1-176. (cf. référence complète)
  • Campbell, George. 1874. Specimens of the languages of India, including those of the aboriginal tribes of Bengal, the central provinces and the eastern frontier. Calcutta: Bengal Secretariat Press. 314pp. (cf. référence complète)
  • Conrady, August. 1891. Das Newârî: Grammatik und Sprachproben [Newari grammar and language structure]. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 45. 1-35. (cf. référence complète)
  • D. Nevāḥmi. 1993. Bandipuriyā Nepāl Bhāṣā - A Study of Bandipur Dialect of the Newar Language. Kathmandu: Rām Bhakta Bhōmi. (cf. référence complète)
  • Daly, Margaret H. 1992. Review of: Songs of Nepal: An anthology of Nevar folksongs and hymns, by Siegfried Lienhard. Notes on Linguistics 59: 41-43. (cf. référence complète)
  • David Hargreaves. 2003. Kathmandu Newar (Nepāl Bhāśā). In Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 371-384. London & New York: Routledge. (cf. référence complète)
  • David Hargreaves. 2017. Kathmandu Newar (Nepāl Bhāśā). In Graham Thurgood and Randy J. LaPolla (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan Languages, 453-467. 2nd edn. London & New York: Routledge. (cf. référence complète)
  • DeLancey, Scott. 1966. Ralativization as nominalization in Tibetan and Newari. X. (unpublished). (cf. référence complète)
  • Genetti, Carol and Slater, Kenneth. 2004. An analysis of syntax and prosody interactions in a Dolakhā Newar rendition of The Mahābhārata. Himalayan Linguistics 1. 1–91. (cf. référence complète)
  • Genetti, Carol. 1986. The grammaticalization of the Newari verb tol. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 9. 53-70. (cf. référence complète)
  • Genetti, Carol. 2011. The tapestry of Dolakha Newar: Chaining, embedding, and the complexity of sentences. Linguistic Typology 15. 5-24. Walter de Gruyter GmbH \& Co. KG. (cf. référence complète)
  • George A. Grierson. 1909. Tibeto-Burman Family: General Introduction, Specimens of the Tibetan Dialects, the Himalayan Dialects, and the North Assam group. (Linguistic Survey of India, III(I).) Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. 669pp. (cf. référence complète)
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  • Shakya, Daya R. and Hargreaves, David. 1992. Verb Morphology in six Dialects of Newari. (unpublished). (cf. référence complète)
  • Shakya, Daya Ratna. 1992. Nominal and Verbal Morphology in Six Dialects of Newari. (MA thesis, Eugene: University of Oregon; 159pp.) (cf. référence complète)
  • Shakya, Kesar Man and Hale, Austin. 1990. Linguistic reflections on a Newari text. Ākhe 6. 40-52. (cf. référence complète)
  • Sthapit, Shishir Kumar. 1978. English, Nepali and Newari: A comparison and its pedagogic applications. (Doctoral dissertation, Poona: Deccan College; 799pp.) (cf. référence complète)
  • Tej B. Kansakar. 1997. The Newar Language: A Profile. Newāh Vijā̃na: Journal of Newar Studies 1. 11-28. (cf. référence complète)
  • Tuladhar, Nirmal Man and Hale, Austin and Hale, Margrit and Sresthacharya, Iswaranand. 1976. Jyāpu vocabulary (preliminary report). Kathmandu: Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies. 136pp. (cf. référence complète)
  • Yadava, Yogendra P. and Glover, Warren W. 1999. Topics in Nepalese Linguistics. In Yadava, Yogendra P. and Warren W. Glover (eds.) Kamaladi, Kathmandu: Kathmandu: Royal Nepal Academy. xviii+603pp. (cf. référence complète)

Seules sont affichées les 100 premières référence. Pour une liste exhaustive sur Glottolog

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Informations tirées de Lexvo.org, de dbpedia.org, de WALS, de PHOIBLE, et de Glottolog